Essay about 1984 Symbols George Orwell Novel - 926 Words

Symbols George Orwell novel 1984 contains symbols and images throughout the novel. Although symbols such as rats, the coral paperweight, songs, and Winston’s varicose ulcer only appear infrequently, they do provide important functions. Winston had a reoccurring dream which found himself standing in front of a wall of darkness of which on the other side there was something to dreadful to face. He always woke up prior to finding out what was on the other side. After awaking during one of Winston and Julia’s rendezvous in the rented room above Mr. Charrington’s shop, Julia noticed a rat. Sowing his fear Winston shrieked. Julia trying to calm Winston, she grabbed a shoe and threw it towards the rat which was peeking out of the†¦show more content†¦167). Winston envisioned the paperweight resembled the room he and Julia were in, and the coral itself resembled Julia’s life and his own (pg. 154). It wasn’t until the invasion of the Thought Police and the eventual smashing of the paperweight that symbolized the end of Julia’s and Winston’s relationship. Here Winston realized how small his relationship was with Julia to that of Big Brother. Songs are present throughout the entire novel. â€Å"Under the spreading Chestnut Tree† appears a couple of time. Winston hears it when he observes Jones, Aaronson, and Rutherford sitting in the cafà ©, and again when he is in the same cafà © after his stint in Room 101. The lyrics â€Å"I sold you and you sold me† (pg.80) represents the betrayal of Jones, Aaronson, and Rutherford to each other, and in the end the betrayal of Julia by Winston. The song â€Å"Oranges and Lemons† his first heard by Winston by Mr. Charrington, but only the first few lines. Winston, learns a few more lines from Julia, and finally finds the words to the balance of the song from O’Brien. This again is a tie to the past Mr. Charrington talks of singing it when he was a boy, and Julia was taught it from her grandfather. Other songs such when the birds were singing during Julia and Winston’s first rendezvous in the wood and the woman singing outside Mr. Charringtonâ€℠¢s shop represent happy times whereas the â€Å"Hate Song† is written by the party to instill the people of Oceania toShow MoreRelatedAnimal Farm By George Orwell944 Words   |  4 Pageslegs(Orwell 132). He carried a whip in his trotter(Orwell 133). In the novel Animal Farm by George Orwell, animals have the ability to talk and form their own ethos, Animalism. Animal Farm is an intriguing allegory by George Orwell, who is also the author of 1984, includes many enjoyable elements. More knowledge of the author, his use of allegorical elements, themes, symbols, and the significance in the real world, allows the reader to get more out of this glance into the future. George OrwellRead MoreAnalysis Of 1984 By George Orwell954 Words   |  4 PagesSophie Moore Mrs. N. Finley E209R3 – 1984 literary analysis 27 January 2015 Symbolism throughout 1984 The novel 1984 is a futuristic totalitarian society where everyone is kept under close surveillance and is forced to follow all rules and laws of the state. The novel 1984 was written by George Orwell and published in 1950. The main characters were Big Brother, Winston Smith, Julia, O’Brien, Syme and Emmanuel Goldstein. Winston Smith is a low man on the totem pole when it came to the ruling PartyRead MoreAnalysis Of 1984 s 1984 1317 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature and Composition Summer Project 1984 Ms. Shaw 1. 1984 The title 1984 is significant to the some of the themes throughout the novel which are developing technology, propaganda, and the ability to manipulate the truth. 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Novel Analisys973 Words   |  4 PagesIB Literature 04-30-2013 1984 by George Orwell represents the struggle of power and control within government and also depicts the possible outcome of communism or a dictatorship like it taking over the world. Orwell does this by representing the weather as a mood and tone of the novel as well as the amount of freedom the characters have. He also uses imagery such as the telescreens and signs with logos that represent oppression. Orwell uses Winston as the main character and also as a mainRead MoreGeorge Orwell s The Novel Expressing The Idea Of A Government Changing The Past1655 Words   |  7 Pageshand into the past and say this or that even, it never happened-that, surely, was more terrifying than mere torture and death (37). This warning alarm of a totalitarian government intensifies throughout George Orwell’s novel expressing the idea of a government changing the past. In the novel 1984, the main character, Winston Smith lives in a world where the people of the society are restricted from free thinking. With no freedom or privacy, Winston tries to stand against the government’s ruthlessRead MoreConsider how the natural development of narrative techniques in George Orwell’s 1984 creates a600 Words   |  3 Pagestechniques in George Orwell’s 1984 creates a theme of individualism verses state. What was the point in writing such an obvious theme, since a dystopia is the prim e example of an imperfect world? He uses extremely well-developed techniques to demonstrate the dystopian society. Specifically, Orwell uses symbols as well as the setting to thoroughly contribute to the idea of a totalitarian state in his dystopian society; the ideas are in symbolic objects, themes, and characters. Orwell clearly suggestsRead MoreAnimal Farm, By George Orwell876 Words   |  4 Pagesdystopian genre, George Orwell writes an interesting allegory, Animal Farm, including common themes and symbols relating to modern-day political events. Eric Arthur Blair, with a pen name of George Orwell, was born on June 25, 1903 (George Orwell.). Blair described his young life as boring and dull, and his dad was never around (George Orwell Biography.). He was taught in England and then joined the Indian Imperial Police in Burma, one of the British colonies (George Orwell.). Orwell then movedRead MoreGeorge Orwell s 1984 ( 1949 )1265 Words   |  6 Pages Power alone can be a dangerous machine when put into the wrong hands. In George Orwell’s novel 1984 (1949), he painted a dark image of the Oceania government’s abuse of political power that destroyed the very fabric of life for many of its society members. Evidence of this destruction is seen through the eyes of the main protagonist, 39-year-old, Winston Smith. The novel is set in Air Strip One, based in London. Although 85 percent of Oceania’s population was made up of proletarians who seemedRead MoreSymbols, Symbolism, By George Orwell971 Words   |   4 PagesSymbolism is the use of a symbol to represent ideas or qualities in literature (Symbolism). Using symbolism in a novel allows the author to add depth and meaning to their work. Symbolism forces the reader to stay engaged through the entirety of the novel in order to make connections and figure out the true meaning of the symbol. It also allows the author to represent a really complex idea with one or two words. George Orwell used symbols throughout his novel 1984. The symbols added depth and forced

Study of the Support avaliable for women with myasthenia in pregnancy Free Essays

Introduction The myasthenia nurse specialist can play a vital role in supporting patients with myasthenia who wish to conceive, who are pregnant and who have had babies. Within the specialist role supporting patients and their families is already a high priority, be this supporting patient choices, information giving, psychological support and facilitating patient pathways. The clinical nurse specialist role encompasses transforming practice to support and improve patient care and nursing practice, through education, research, audit, clinical leadership and using evidence–based care (Mayo et al, 2010 and Muller et al, 2010). We will write a custom essay sample on Study of the Support avaliable for women with myasthenia in pregnancy or any similar topic only for you Order Now The clinical nurse specialist may be the link/key point of access for patients within a service, co-ordinating care and management of patients through complex pathways and providing information and support to ensure informed decision making. The level or type of support may change when the patient with myasthenia decides to have a baby. This support may involve helping make the right choices regarding timing the pregnancy, medications and expectations during and after pregnancy. Most of the support given will be information and practical advice and during pregnancy the specialist nurse can liaise with the obstetric team to provide them with any information they may require. The specialist nurse can also act as the link between the maternity and neurological services to provide a safety net for patients who are experiencing problems with their myasthenia. Several reports into pregnancy in patients with myasthenia suggest that there is an increased chance of relapse of symptoms in the first trimester and in the month after delivery, (Briemberg, 2007, Ciafoloni Massey 2004, Batocchi et al 1999). The recommendations from the above authors are that patients with myasthenia have a collaborative approach to their obstetric care. The myasthenia nurse is in a good position to ensure that appointments can be made if medication adjustments or assessment of the myasthenia is needed as the pregnancy progresses. The specialist nurses can provide Pre-conception support. Myasthenia gravis affects women mainly during the childbearing years therefore it is important to discuss family planning early; especially when starting on immunosuppression/disease modifying treatments, (Ciafaloni Massey 2004 and Williams Sax Rosenbaum 2006). Women may express concerns about the impact that these medications may have on the development of their baby. Williams Sax Rosenbaum (2006) go on to suggest that patients should be advised not to plan pregnancy within a year or two of diagnosis as the risks of relapse increase if the disease is not stable. This view is also supported by Ciafaloni Massey (2004) who suggest that maximising stability should be the main goal before planning pregnancy. The role that the specialist nurse has is vital therefore in monitoring the symptoms and overall stability of the myasthenia through regular contacts and when the patient is planning pregnancy discussions can be centred around the implications of treatment on the pregnancy. Women and their partners often ask about the impact that pregnancy may have on the myasthenia, especially if there was a problem during/following a previous pregnancy. There is evidence to suggest that subsequent pregnancies may have differing patterns of relapse, where one may be rocky another may be uneventful, (Briemberg, 2007, Batocchi et al 1999), this then emphasises the need for close, collaboration between the neurology and obstetric teams. Barber (2008) supports the above view as close monitoring during pregnancy may prevent complications and may identify and manage problems early, while Thierry (2006) emphasises the importance of preconception advice to determine what support systems need to be considere d for post delivery and supports the view that a collaborative approach to pregnancy management can support better patient outcomes. Antenatal support: Once a patient is pregnant, the nurse can help co-ordinate care by linking the neurology and obstetric teams, providing information about MG and medications. The nurse can provide support to manage the symptoms of fatigue (pregnancy related); and any problems that may arise during the later months. This may involve bringing the patient to clinic to monitor medications, as doses may need to be altered due to the pregnancy related renal clearance, expanded plasma volume and the changes in medication absorption; this is supported by Stafford Dildy, (2005) who suggest that monitoring should also include signs of increasing weakness or the potential for a myasthenic crisis. The specialist nurse can link with the midwife and get the health visitor involved early, as this may be beneficial as there is potential for relapse in the first few weeks/month post partum, at a time when sleep deprivation and hormonal fluctuations may make the myasthenia worse. Regular follow up – either telephonically or in the nurse led clinic may help to detect the potential for relapse post partum. The nurse is also able to consider referral to the obstetric physiotherapist for the assessment and support for changing mobility needs as the pregnancy progresses. The myasthenia nurse may be able to provide advice on practical things that may help with their baby; such as baby slings for women who have upper limb weakness. The challenges faced by new parents such as sleep deprivation, hormonal changes and dealing with a small infant can be magnified in patients with myasthenia. If a new mother and her partner are not given sufficient support there is a 10-15 % risk of post natal depression in patients without a chronic condition (Horowitz Goodman, 2005 and Lumley, 2005) and this has a huge impact on the family unit. Therefore it is well recognised that early support for the couple through ante natal classes and access to health visitors who have been trained in mental health issues, decreases the chances of post natal depression developing or may promote early recognition of symptoms (Brugha et al, 2000, Misri et al, 2000). The Royal College of Nursing produced some guidelines on Pregnancy and Disability (RCN, 2007) for midwives and nurses, which encourage care providers to be aware of the potential for post natal depression in patients with disabilities. These guidelines provide useful information for nurses and midwives who are caring for long term conditions. Post natal support: The myasthenia nurse may help by being available at short notice for advice if in the immediate post partum period, the patient develops worsening of her myasthenia. This may involve liaising with the neurologist if the patient runs into trouble; bringing them to clinic early and facilitating appropriate admissions. Another aspect of support would be liaising with the health visitors with regards to issues around fatigue, breastfeeding (medication), monitoring for signs of post natal depression. It is important to ensure support for mums who are not able to breast feed due to weakness in their arms, making sure they are not stigmatised for not breast feeding. If a woman’s initial presentation of myasthenia occurs after delivery the support needed increases, as not only does the woman have to deal with the myasthenia weakness, but also a small baby and an anxious partner. The information needs at this time need to be balanced with the need to ensure that the patient is able to bond with her baby and not get over exhausted. Over time the support will be tailored according to the needs of the woman and her partner. This may involve follow up in nurse led clinics, out reach and telephone support. It is important to acknowledge the physical and emotional impact that being diagnosed with a long term condition has on a new mum and that all partners in the provision of care need to be balanced to ensure maximum support when needed. Myasthenia nurse specialist network: Provision of telephone support to a specified region and then support for patients within their designated NHS Trusts Glasgow: Scotland Oxford: Midlands Southampton: South West England Liverpool: North England and North Wales and Northern Ireland London: South East England Dublin: Ireland Resources available for women and their partners: www.mga-charity.org: Most patients with myasthenia will be aware of the support available through the website, the MGA Branch network and the Regional Organisers. www.nctpregnancyandbabycare.info: Information and support network for antenatal patients, post natal with classes and courses. www.thebabycafe.org: breast feeding support www.netmums.com: support for mums – play groups to healthy eating www.askbaby.com: advice and support for pregnancy and post natal period www.breastfeedingnetwork.org.uk: information about breastfeeding, medications in breastfeeding and support www.busylittleones.co.uk: for baby and toddler activities and resources for parents/grandparents www.mumsmeetup.com: networking and support for new mums both on and off line www.goreal.org.uk: information about use of real nappies and service provision across the UK. www.childcarelink.gov.uk: directs to local child information service for childcare provisions in local area www.ncma.org.uk: national childminding association helps find registered, Ofsted inspected childminders www.oneparentfamilies.org.uk: national council for one parent families www.pat.org.uk: professional association of nursery nurses – employing a nanny www.surestart.gov.uk: sure start children’s centres and the services they provide to parents www.gingerbread.org.uk: local support groups for lone parents www.lone-parents.org.uk: supporting single parents to return to work A literature search was carried out using Medline, Cinahl and embase using the following search terms: support in pregnancy, pregnancy and long term conditions, nurse role in support, pregnancy and disabilities, postnatal depression, postpartum depression, myasthenia and pregnancy. References: Barber, G., 2008. Supporting pregnant women with disabilities. Practice Nursing, 19, 7, pp. 330 – 334. Batocchi, A.P., Majolini, L., Evoli, A., Lino, M.M., Minisci, C., Tonali, P., 1999. Course and Treatment of myasthenia gravis during pregnancy. Neurology, 52, 3, pp. 447- 452. Briemberg, H. 2007. Neuromuscular diseases in pregnancy. Seminars in Neurology,Nov 27,5, pp. 460 – 466. Brugha, T.S., Wheatly, S., Taub, N.A., et al. 2000. Pragmatic randomised trial of antenatal intervention to prevent postnatal depression by reducing psychosocial risk factors. Psychological Medicine, 30, pp. 1273 – 1281. Ciafaloni, E., Massey, J.M., 2004. The Management of myasthenia gravis in pregnancy. Seminars in Neurology, 24, pp. 95 – 100. Horowitz, J.A., Goodman, J.H., 2005. Identifying and treating postpartum depression. Journal of Obstetric, Gynaecologic and Neonatal Nursing, 34, pp. 264 – 273. Jani-Acsadi, A., Lisak, R.P., 2010. Myasthenia Gravis. Current Treatment Options in Neurology, 12, pp. 231 – 243. Lumley, J., 2005. Attempts to prevent postnatal depression. British Medical Journal, 331, pp. 5 – 6. Mayo, A.M., Agocs-Scott, L.M., Khaghani, F., Moti, N., Voorhees, M., Gravell, C., Cuenca, E., 2010. Clinical Nurse Specialist Practice Patterns. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 24(2), pp. 60-68. Misri, S., Kostaras, X., Fox, D., et al. 2000. The impact of partner support in the treatment of postpartum depression. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 45, pp. 554 – 558. Muller, A.C., Hujcs, M., Dubendorf, P., Harrington, P.T., 2010. Clinical Nurse Specialist Practice and Magnet Designation. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 24(5), pp. 252-259. Pregnancy and Disability; RCN guidance for midwives and nurses. 2007. Royal College of Nurses: London. Roth, T.C., Raths, J., Carboni, G., Rosler, K., Schmid, R.A., 2006. Effect of pregnancy and birth on the course of myasthenia gravis before or after transsternal radial thymectomy. European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, 29, pp. 231 – 235. Stafford, I.P., Dildy, G.A., 2005. Myasthenia Gravis and Pregnancy. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 48,1, pp. 48 – 56 Thierry, J.M., 2006. The Importance of Preconception Care for Women with Disabilities. Maternal Child Health Journal, 10, pp. S175 -176. Williams Sax, T., Rosenbaum, R.B., 2006. Neuromuscular disorders in Pregnancy. Muscle Nerve, 34, 5, pp. 559 – 571. How to cite Study of the Support avaliable for women with myasthenia in pregnancy, Essay examples

Business Models Strategy and Innovation Services

Question: Discuss about the Business Models Strategy and Innovation Services. Answer: Introduction: Technological changes in the business world have increased at a higher rate. The changes are as a result of intense competition which has made the entrepreneurs more creative and innovative in an attempt to attract more customers. Unique services and products have a tendency of attracting the consumers to try or buy them. Competition is something that businesses cannot avoid, and therefore they must come up with strategies to remedy the situation. Some of the strategies include foreign trade where the company attempt to start a business in foreign countries with the aim of getting more customers for its goods and services. Globalization is a fundamental element of sales in the current world, and it is motivated by the better methods of transport and communication (Teece, D. J. (2010, pp. 172-194). Oz supermarket a new supply chain in the market has employed significant innovations. According to Michael Porter, new market entrants have the responsibility to bring new unique products to get customers. The firms beginning business faces high competition from the real company, and therefore there is the need to do thing better and in unique ways to enable the customers to notice their efforts. The new market entrance has high risks, and only optimistic managers can take it as the probability of failure is very high for the firms. However, there is the need for the managers to do adequate research about the market environment and be able to come up with the best penetration strategy. A good penetration strategy ensures that the company with have a competitive edge over the other competitors. The Oz Supermarket plan is magnificent at it aims at making the shopping of customers comfortable and convenient. The Pay Wave technology they have adopted makes customers spend less time in th eir shopping as everything is done using the card. These give the firm an advantage as all clients always look for ways to get their goods easily and at minimal time spent. The customers do not have to stand in long queues waiting to be served by the cashier in the supermarket and just picks goods and exits the store as all the transaction have been made for him/ her through the computerized systems (Porter, M. E. (2008, pp. 25-40). The method used by the company as advantages as it is time-saving for the customers who spent small time in buying their desired products. It also cuts costs of the management as it needs very few employees to run. It is secure as the card identifies the customer and any problems he can be traced. However, the system may lead to impulse buying among the customers as cards are tempting always to buy more. The system also needs continuous monitoring to ensure that it does not fail and inconvenience business. Through this method, the company is assured of high sales as customers use cards to do purchase. Finally, this is a good market entrance strategy by the Oz supermarket, and the sales will be high. The services are unique and very convenient for the customers as they are no many procedures to be followed. The company, however, should seek to improve the systems further. The customers have to put the items in the trolleys for the items to be counted if the customer removes it is deleted. A concern arises if the customer does not put goods in the trolley what will happen? Does this mean the customers won't be charged for the item as the item only detects goods in the trolley? The system has challenges, but there is a need for fewer changes. New customers may be resistance to the idea of getting the cards when doing shopping. This act limits the number of people who can access its services since a pay wave card is a must for purchase. Despite the few challenges the company strategy is magnificent and needs significant supervision by the managers to see its success. The manager also needs to see the need to stock a large variety of products in the supermarket to make customers be able to get all the products they need under one roof. These would mean more sales for the business and thus high-profit margin. The company, however, needs to create awareness to the potential customers about its existence and products it offers to get a large customer base. Technology in the Oz supermarket is used to create the uniqueness of the business. The new trend of shopping by customers will attract them to experience it thus create a market for the company products. Managers must ensure that they use technology, creativity, and innovations to have a competitive advantage in the market (Mintzberg, 2009). The customers are the people who ensure business continuity through the buying of its products. They are always attracted to better goods and services. It is the responsibility of any organization to put a priority in catering the needs of its customer. Satisfaction of the customers will always ensure that the customers return for more goods and also recommend the business to other people. Through this act, the steady customer base will increase resulting in high profits for the company. Customers are key stakeholders to the success of the business. Technology has brought new ways of the enterprise to ensure satisfaction of their clients. Managers, therefore, have the duty to carry out continuous market research to be able to know what changes have emerged. Businesses to achieve the competitive edge must conform to the methods of operation to enable products unique and of high quality (Wilson, A., Zeithaml, V. A., Bitner, M. J., Gremler, D. D. (2012). The services that customers get from any company determine whether they will come back for more. When the products meet their expectations is a guarantee for them to return. Managers should work towards surpassing the customers' expectations by providing products of excellent quality. Through this, the client loyalty will grow. Achievement of customer needs entails ability for them to access the goods fast in the stores. Having Convenient means of payment by the customers either through cash or credit card. Less time used in the queues waiting to pay. Customers are always in a hurry and bring the need for businesses to cater to this need. Managers have an obligation to ensure those clients can locate and pay for their goods in the shortest time possible. The Oz supermarket has put this into consideration, and it will expect more customer as the purchasing system is automatic no queues or questions to the customers. The supermarket can also increase the client services to enhance their purchase through the following ways. Complaints from the customers must be handled with priority to avoid dissatisfaction. These can reduce the numbers of the customers if not taken into consideration. The company also can ensure that it stocks all the products and this will enable the customers to get everything they desire at the supermarket. The supermarket can also increase the platform to be used by the customers to pay for the product to either using mobile phones or advance payments. These will ensure that more people will be attracted to buy. Customers are always invited to free thing, the company, therefore, should offer discounts to the customers after purchase, and these will motivate them to buy more products. The customers can be provided after-sale services by the company such as transport services, installation, etc. these will make the customers have an easy way of knowing how to use the purchased products like televisions sets, fridges, etc.( Bodet, G. (2008, pp. 156-162). The company has done well in the areas of customer services by providing a fast platform for them to do shopping. Since the company is new in the market, this strategy ensures that it gets more customers because of their better services. The management should look for more means of making the customer happy. Satisfaction of the needs of the client is the goal for all the organizations. Feedback systems enable the company knows how it is performing and the changes that are necessary to ensure good performance in the market. The Oz supermarket should reply to the complaints or information they get from the customers. Feedback makes customers fee sense of belonging to the company and appreciated. Quality and quantity are the main aspects that the clients will look for the goods they get from businesses. The supply chain should offer the best quality products which have the ability to attract more customers. Prices of the items in the supermarket should also at fair prices not offered at extremely high prices as they may scare away potential customers. Oz supermarket has employed good strategy but should ensure the commodities it provides the customers satisfy their needs. The managers should research more on customers' needs to meet them. As a new firm in the market competition will be high and the risk of failure. The managers have the duty to put up risk management strategies which will enable it to survive in the market. The managers can engage in diversification and also open new branches in different segments. The marketing of the firm must be high to create awareness among the customers who may not be aware of its existence in the market. The supermarket management must always look for more improvements to ensure better services to the customers (Huang, W. H. (2008, pp. 521-536). References Bodet, G. (2008). Customer satisfaction and loyalty in service: Two concepts, four constructs, several relationships. Journal of retailing and consumer services, 15(3), 156-162. Huang, W. H. (2008). The impact of other-customer failure on service satisfaction. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 19(4), 521-536. Mintzberg, H. (2009). Managing. Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Porter, M. E. (2008). The five competitive forces that shape strategy. Harvard business review, 86(1), 25-40. Teece, D. J. (2010). Business models, business strategy and innovation. Long range planning, 43(2), 172-194. Wilson, A., Zeithaml, V. A., Bitner, M. J., Gremler, D. D. (2012). Services marketing: Integrating customer focus across the firm. McGraw Hill.